In Quebec, a landlord can propose a rent increase when a lease is renewed, but cannot impose one without following specific rules. The Tribunal administratif du logement (TAL) — Quebec's rental board — governs these increases and each year publishes a reference calculation method.
The TAL estimate. The Tribunal offers an online calculation tool that tenants and landlords can use to estimate a "fair and reasonable" increase. The calculation factors in several elements: base indexation, municipal and school taxes, insurance premiums, and major renovation work done on the building. Since 2026, the base indexation relies on the average change in Quebec's Consumer Price Index over three years, to avoid sharp jumps when inflation suddenly rises.
The percentage is only a suggestion. The rate published by the TAL is a reference, not an automatic legal cap. A landlord can ask for more (for example because of major renovations) and a tenant can negotiate. For leases beginning between April 2, 2026 and April 1, 2027, the TAL estimated indexation of about 3.1%, according to the calculation unveiled in early 2026 — always check the official tool for your exact situation.
Notice deadlines. The landlord must send the notice of modification in writing. For a lease of 12 months or more, the notice must arrive 3 to 6 months before the end of the lease; for a lease of less than 12 months, it's 1 to 2 months before the end, as Éducaloi explains.
Refusing an increase. Receiving a notice does not mean you have to accept it. You have one month from the date you receive it to notify the landlord in writing that you refuse, while staying in the unit, according to the TAL. If you don't reply within that window, you're deemed to have accepted. If you refuse, it's up to the landlord to apply to the Tribunal within the following month to have the rent set — otherwise, the lease renews at the same price.
Good to know for newcomers. Always reply in writing and keep proof of delivery (registered mail, for example). Many new tenants accept an increase believing they have no choice: that's not the case. You can refuse and stay, and it's then up to the landlord to justify the request before the Tribunal.